زمان گذشته کامل

زمان گذشته کامل

ساختار

جملات مثبت و منفی: past participle (قسمت سوم فعل) had ('d) had not (hadn't) I, you, we, they he, she, it جملات پرسشی: past participle (قسمت سوم فعل)? I, you, we, they he, she, it had hadn't

کاربرد

ما از زمان گذشته کامل استفاده می‌کنیم تا نشان دهیم عملی پیش از عمل دیگری در گذشته اتفاق افتاده است (گذشته در گذشته). در واقع گذشته کامل معادل گذشته‌ی زمان حال کامل است. (با گذشته ساده مقایسه کنید)

به مقایسه بین زمانهای حال کامل و گذشته کامل توجه کنید:

گذشته کامل	حال کامل
* We weren't hungry. We'd just had dinner.  * I didn't know who he was. I'd never seen him before.	* We aren't hungry. We've just had dinner. * Who is that man? I've never seen him before.

چند مثال دیگر از زمان گذشته کامل:

• It was the first time he had ever seen a tiger.

• When I arrived at the cinema, the film had already begun.

• She didn't want to go to the theatre with the others because she'd seen the play before.

مقایسه بین گذشته کامل و گذشته ساده

به تفاوت میان جملات زیر دقت کنید:

• When I arrived home, my wife went out.

• but: When I arrived home, my wife had gone out.